Conclusion
This article outlines the advantages of a multi-channel strategy, the characteristics of a well-integrated multi-channel strategy, and the pitfalls associated with a multi-channel strategy. While the examples in this article are all retail-oriented, much of the discussion is equally applicable to business-to-business marketers.
After reflecting on this article, a retailer needs to assess its readiness to undertake a multi-channel strategy. Table II outlines some of the major consumer, managerial and financial issues that a retailer needs to examine prior to undertaking a multi-channel strategy. Each question should be answered separately for each potential new channel. By doing this, a store-based retailer may find, for example, that an in-store kiosk is a better fit than a catalog. The Table underscores the notion that each new channel alternative may have different strategic partners, each having a different set of capabilities, strengths, and weaknesses. Lastly, the Table clearly implies that not all retailers may find every channel to be attractive or viable.
Finally, developing and maintaining a well-integrated channel strategy is not something easily accomplished by all retailers. For example, in order to implement a multi-channel strategy properly a retailer needs a sophisticated information system that can enable personnel at different channels and at different points along the various channels to access the same database. A retailer also needs a logistics infrastructure that can effectively accommodate each channel.
[Reference]
References
Catalog Age (2002), "Keep in mind", December, p. 17.
Chu, J. and Pike, T. (2002), Integrated Multi-Channel Retailing (IMCR): A Road-map to the Future, IBM Institute for Business Value, Somers, NY.
Del Franco, M. and Chiger, S. (2002), "Multiple views of multi-channel promos", Catalog Age, Vol. 1, December, pp. 16 ff.
Garbato-Stankevitch, D. (2002), "Sears adds new tools to multi-channel strategy", Retail Merchandiser, June.
Hood, R. (2002-2003), "One customer, one relationship", Multiple Marketing Channels, December-January, available at: http://wnim.com/issue13/pages/multchanmark.htm
Hyde, L. (2001), Multi-Channel Integration: The New Retail Battleground, Retail Forward, Columbus, OH.
Internet Wire (2002), "Best Buy selects Yantra demand for high volume, multi-channel order management, retailer to deploy Yantra's distributed commerce management solution", 1 May.
J.C, Williams Group (2001), "Multi-channel retail report", available at: BizRate.com
Kopytoff, V. (2002), "Mixed results when shopping by click & pick-up", San Francisco Chronicle, 16 December, p. E1.
Lenskold, J.D. (2002), "Marketing ROI: playing to win", Marketing Management, May-June, pp. 31-4.
McWilliams, G. and Zimmerman, A. (2003), "Dell plans to peddle PCs inside Sears, other large chains - kiosks allow customers to try out computers before placing orders: a new Trojan Horse for printers?", Wall Street Journal, 30 January.
Mello, A. (2002), "E-service: one size doesn't fit all", 23 October, available at: www.zdnet.com/filters/printerfriendly/0,6061, 2895535-92.00.html
National Retail Federation (2001), The State of Retailing Online 4.0, National Retail Federation, Washington, DC.
Office Products International (2002), Depot Strikes Amazon Deal, Office Products International, 14 October.
(The; Online Reporter (2003), "Dell to sell PCs in Sears stores", The Online Reporter, 1 February.
Puente, M. (2002), "Online experience is now a much better fit", USA Today, 4 December, p. E 02.
Reardon, J. and McCorkle, D.E. (2002), "A consumer model for channel-switching behavior", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 30 No. 4, pp. 179-85.
Reda, S. (2003a), "REI climbs to the next level of multi-channel integration", Stores, January, pp. 64, 66 ff.
Reda, S. (2003b), "Retailers take multi-faceted approaches to multi-channel success", Stores, June, pp. 22-6.
Reda, S. (2003c), "Active multi-channel shoppers may be a liability, less loyal than other online shoppers", Stores, September, pp. 78, 80 ff.
Saunders, C. (2002), "Multi-channel shoppers actually not so hot", reprinted from Internet Advertising Report, 2 August, available at: http://cyberatlas. internet.com/markets/retailing/article/0,,6061_ 1438471,00.html
Swartz, J. (2002), "More buyers click on Web, pick it up at store", USA Today, December, p. B 01.
Weitzman, J. (2002), "J. Jill net balloons as margins grow, petites to expand", Women's Wear Daily, 26 July, p. 2.
Weitzman, J. (2003), "The new J. Crew: Drexler outlines problems, plans", Women's Wear Daily, 21 March, p. 2.
Wilson, M. (2002), "J. Jill gets physical", Chain Store Age, January, pp. 42-6.
Wolf, A. (2002), "Office depot forges online partnership with Amazon.com", Twice, 16 September, p. 18.
Further reading
Amato-McCoy, D.M. (2003), "Victoria's Secret works to keep orders alive", Stores, January, pp. 56-7.
Business 2.0 (2001), "The store is everywhere", January, available at: www.business2.com/b2/
Sack, K.J. (2002), Industry Surveys Retailing: General, 9 May, p. 4.
[Author Affiliation]
The authors
Barry Berman is the Walter H. "Bud" Miller Distinguished Professor of Business, and Shawn Thelen is Assistant Professor of Marketing, both at Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA.


